Bitcoin mining decentralization upgrade! Foundry and Antpool lead 75% of hashrate to embrace Stratum V2, returning block authority to individual miners

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Bitcoin mining is undergoing its most significant decentralization shift in years. The Stratum V2 working group announced that seven major mining pools, including Foundry, AntPool, F2Pool, SpiderPool, and MARA Pool, have officially joined the open-source protocol, collectively controlling nearly 75% of the total network hashrate. The core innovation of Stratum V2 lies in returning block transaction selection rights from pool operators to individual miners, directly addressing the Bitcoin community's long-standing concerns regarding excessive mining pool centralization. (Context: Cipher Mining and Fluidstack reached a $3 billion hosting agreement, with Google providing loan guarantees to purchase 5.4% of CIFR stock) (Background: Bitcoin mining firm BIT Mining pivots to Solana: raising $300 million to build full-asset SOL reserves, stock surges 154%) The Stratum V2 working group announced last week that seven major mining pools—Foundry, AntPool, F2Pool, SpiderPool, MARA Pool, Block Inc., and DMND—have officially joined the open-source protocol. These seven pools collectively control nearly 75% of the global Bitcoin network hashrate, marking the most significant step toward decentralization in the mining industry in recent years. A quiet but profound shift in power is occurring within the Bitcoin mining ecosystem. According to the latest data from Hashrate Index, Foundry alone accounts for 34.2% of the network hashrate, followed by AntPool at 14.2%, F2Pool at 11.3%, SpiderPool at 10.5%, and MARA Pool at 4.7%. These five pools alone command over 74% of the hashrate share. Under the current Stratum V1 protocol, the transaction selection rights for almost every new block are held by mining pool operators rather than the individual miners performing the actual computation. This centralization has been a core structural concern for the Bitcoin community regarding modern mining over the past two years—especially when a single pool controls over 30% of the hashrate, making the concentration of transaction sequencing power a tangible risk. Stratum V2 does not change the distribution of hashrate, but it changes who decides which transactions are included in each block. Under this new protocol, individual miners can construct their own block templates, returning the decision-making power regarding transaction inclusion from pool operators back to the miners themselves. This is precisely what the Bitcoin community cares about most. The Stratum V2 protocol was first initiated by a working group co-founded by Braiins and Spiral in 2022. For the past four years, it has been viewed as a niche technical experiment with limited adoption. The entry of Foundry and AntPool has completely reversed the situation—the working group positions this collective endorsement by the seven major pools as the "starting point for an accelerated deployment phase." It is worth noting that this protocol transition coincides with economic pressures in the mining industry. CoinShares estimates that up to 20% of miners are currently operating at a loss, with hashprice (revenue per unit of hashrate) hovering at only $38.57 per PH/s per day, barely reaching break-even for mining farms running mid-generation hardware. Network difficulty continues to climb. Data from CoinWarz shows that mining difficulty will increase again from 132.47T to 135.64T on May 15, while the total network hashrate has reached 998 EH/s. It is no coincidence that miners are choosing a protocol that offers more autonomy amidst this economic tightening. 📍Related Reports📍

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Published:2026-05-11 06:15:32

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